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Pencil erasers and pencil marks

The dark black thing that you see inside the pencils is graphite. Graphite is one of the forms of the element carbon. Wood is the protective outer covering surrounding the graphite lead so that it doesn’t break easily. Pencil lead is made of a combination of finely ground graphite and clay. The mixture is then

5 Great ideas: The Industrial Revolution and afterwards

The Industrial Revolution started by around 1733 in England. With more new inventions, factories followed. The first beneficiary was cotton mills. Industrial revolution soon spread to other countries and it transformed the society rapidly. Emergence of factories, electricity and railroads led to better utlisation of resources causing effective production of goods. We have already seen