What are the functions of World Meteorological Organization (WMO)? « Back to Questions List

The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) is an intergovernmental organization co-ordinating matters related to the climate and the environment. It was originally known as International Meteorological Organization (IMO) and was founded in 1873.  WMO became an agency of United nations on 23 March 1950 as per the ratification WMO convention. It became the specialized agency of the United Nations for activities related to meteorology (weather and climate), operational hydrology and related geophysical sciences in 1951.  

World Meteorological Congress is the highest body of the Organisation. WMO has its Secretariat located in in Geneva and is led by the Secretary-General. The current secretary general of WMO is Petteri Taalas. The president of the World Meteorological Congress is David Grimes. Presently, the World Meteorological Organization has membership strength of 191 States and Territories.

Weather, climate and the water cycle have no defined national boundaries.  International cooperation in these fields is essential to reap the benefits of the development of meteorology and operational hydrology. The major role of WMO is ensuring the framework for such international cooperation. It fosters collaboration among the national meteorological and hydrological services of members.

Conservation of nature requires continuous vigil, incessant attention and constant monitoring. Any oversight or lapse in duty can lead to serious setback for humanity. WMO ensures presence of people dedicated to continually keeping vigil on climate and environment. WMO extends world leadership and expertise in international cooperation in these fields.  It plays the crucial role of contributing to the welfare and safety of humanity.  All nations can rely upon the high-quality, convincing weather, climate, hydrological and related environmental services offered by WMO for the improvement of the well-being of societies. WMO facilitates free and unrestricted exchange of authentic and reliable data and information on matters relating to climate and environment. It also provides guidelines on policy formation in these areas. 

At present WMO have 185 Member States and 6 Member Territories. The world is divided into six regions for the governance purpose. The regions are  Africa, Asia, South America, North & Central America and the Caribbean, South-West pacific and Europe. 

Climate and Weather: Difference between the two terms

What factor affects the climate of a region?